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For generations, most home purchases were made by married couples. With many people postponing marriage to pursue an education and a career, more and more single adults are overcoming challenges to become homeowners.

Meet Income Requirements
If you want to buy a house by yourself, the lender will make its decision based solely on your income. If the earnings from your full-time job aren’t enough to buy the house you want, or if the monthly mortgage payments would be a stretch, consider looking for a part-time job. You could find a retail position, freelance work, odd jobs, or anything that would allow you to earn money by using skills you’ve learned in school, at a previous job, or by pursuing a hobby. A relatively small amount of money, earned on a consistent basis over a period of time, could make a big difference when it comes to qualifying for and paying a mortgage.

Check Your Credit
You should check your credit reports several months before applying for a mortgage. Your reports might contain errors that could derail your chance of qualifying for a loan. If you find any inaccurate information, contact the credit bureau right away to have it corrected.

Your credit report will also show your current credit scores. If they’re lower than lenders requirements, you can raise them by paying down debt and consistently making payments on time. Dont apply for any new credit cards or loans in the months before you apply for a mortgage because that could make you appear like a risky applicant. At the same time, dont cancel any credit cards you dont use, because that could increase the percentage of available credit you’re using and lower your credit score.

Make a Down Payment
For a single homebuyer, coming up with a 20-percent down payment can be difficult”or impossible. If a large down payment isn’t realistic in your case, explore other mortgage options that have lower down payment requirements, such as a loan from the Federal Housing Administration (FHA).

Consider a Co-Signer
If you cant qualify for a mortgage, or you need to act quickly to get the house you want, you might be able to get someone to co-sign the loan. Before you ask a family member or friend, think it over carefully. Doing so could help you get the mortgage, but what if you couldnt afford the monthly payments? The person who co-signed the loan would be financially responsible. Think about whether that person would be able to cover your mortgage in addition to his or her own bills, or whether your co-signers entire family might suffer financially by bailing you out. Consider how that could affect your relationship, and whether it’s worth the risk.

Make Your Dream a Reality
Buying a house by yourself is an achievable goal, as long as you meet the lenders guidelines. Take a realistic look at your current financial picture and do everything you can to make yourself a qualified applicant.

Published with permission from RISMedia.

After a buyer has agreed to purchase a home from a seller, the escrow process begins. This is designed to make sure that all the necessary conditions and obligations are met so the transaction can proceed smoothly.

Purpose of Escrow
Escrow is designed to protect all the parties involved in a real estate transaction from risk and to ensure that everyone is acting in good faith. The seller will need to prove that he or she owns the house and that its not subject to any liens from third parties that could prevent or complicate the sale. The buyer will need to prove that he or she has the funds necessary to buy the house or the financial means to obtain a mortgage.

What Happens During the Escrow Process
Escrow is generally a mandatory part of a real estate transaction that starts after the seller accepts the buyers offer to purchase the house. The law related to the escrow process varies by state, but in general an escrow agent, who is a neutral third party with no vested interest in the transaction, is assigned to handle the process and to protect each involved party from risk. The escrow agent is paid a fee that represents a small percentage of the sale price. This fee can be paid by the buyer, the seller or both.

Earnest money is a small percentage of the sale price that the buyer provides to demonstrate that he or she is serious about buying the house. In exchange, the seller takes the house off the market. After the sale is completed, the earnest money is applied to the buyers down payment. Until the sale is finalized, the earnest money and the house are both considered to be in escrow.

The escrow agent collects the sales contract, earnest money and contingencies related to insurance, inspections, repairs and any other requirements that must be met to finalize the sale. These items are placed in an account and stay there until the buyer and seller have fulfilled all their duties required by the terms of the contract.

Once all parties have met their obligations and all the necessary documents have been signed, the mortgage lender pays the money due to the seller. Then the deed is recorded in the name of the new owner, escrow closes and the buyer can move into the house.

Understand How Escrow Works
The escrow process is designed to protect both the buyer and the seller in a real estate transaction. It allows each party to be confident that the other is acting in good faith and meeting the requirements set forth in the contract. Escrow also allows each party that is due payment to receive the appropriate amount in a timely manner. If you have any questions about the escrow process as it relates to your specific situation, talk to your real estate agent.

Published with permission from RISMedia.

Cracks in ceilings can be a sign of a larger problem, or they may be nothing but a cosmetic issue. But when selling a home, all flaws in the ceiling require attention.

Most ceilings will develop a few cracks over the years that are harmless and not indicative of some bigger issue. Repairing these is a fairly simple process.

Start by removing loose paint and drywall with a utility knife. Next, cover the crack with mesh tape, centering the crack within the tape. Spread drywall joint compound over the tape, using the putty knife to make the compound flat. Dont be afraid to use too much compound, because the next step is to sand down any ridges after the compound has dried. Be sure not to sand the tape away.

The final steps are to prime and paint. Painting the entire ceiling is best so that it looks uniform.

Larger cracks are more serious and require professional attention. So-called spider web cracks can stretch from a ceiling to walls and floors. These large cracks can be a sign of structural damage and should be repaired quickly. When a crack runs across the ceiling and continues down a wall, it is commonly a sign of structural damage caused by a weak wall stud.

Cracks combined with a so-called bow, or dip in the ceiling can be a serious challenge. If the support provided by joists weakens, a ceiling will sag”a professional should be contacted right away if this is happening.

Another thing to look at is the coloring of a crack. If yellow or brown stains are around the crack, its a sign of a water leak. Be sure you find the cause of the leak and have it repaired before you fix the crack in the ceiling.

Even if your ceiling is free of cracks, its well worth your time to take a close look when selling the home. Simply dusting or vacuuming your ceiling, particularly in the corners, can make a difference to buyers. Also, be sure to clean away any scuffs. If your ceiling needs a new paint job, consider painting it white, which can make the ceiling appear higher. And while youre up on that ladder, dust ceiling fans and vacuum vents that are high on walls.

Published with permission from RISMedia.

Bringing a historic home into the 21^st century is a balancing act of the highest degree. You want the latest luxuries without having to get rid of the charming period details of yesteryear. Whether youre in the market for a home that exudes Old World craftsmanship or youre ready to breathe new life into your historic residence, here are a few tips to get you started on the right track.

Find a Specialist

The first order of business is to find a contractor or consultant who specializes in the restoration of historic homes. An expert will be able to guide you through the process, knowing exactly what needs to be preserved and what needs to be updated. The last thing you want is someone whos ready to rip it down to the studs without respecting the residences history, so do your due diligence.

Kitchens & Bathrooms

With all due respect to kitchens and bathrooms of the past, these are living spaces that we generally want to equip with top-of-the-line features. Dont hold back when it comes to modern shower systems and cutting-edge appliances. While you can certainly choose to maintain a timeless aesthetic, it can also be fun to contrast contemporary with traditional.

Preserve the Period Details

What was it that drew you to the home in the first place? Often, its the original details, like antique floors, door casings, or stonework. Whenever its possible to salvage or reclaim these elements, it goes a long way toward maintaining the houses character and sense of authenticity.

Integrate Technology

Wireless smart home systems allow you to discreetly outfit a historic property with the latest technology. Rather than installing a touchscreen to control your home automation system, you can take the reins on your smartphone to manage lights, thermostat, and more, often times without even requiring additional wiring.

Published with permission from RISMedia.

Kitchen countertops are some of the most frequently used surfaces in a house. They are made to withstand years of wear and tear, but certain common mistakes can damage them. Since kitchen counters are expensive to replace, you should avoid behaviors that could shorten their lifespan.

How to Prevent Cracks and Scratches
Even though countertops are hard, they can still crack from too much pressure. Heavy objects are more likely to cause damage if theyre placed near edges and joints.

Changes in temperature can also cause countertops to crack. Hot appliances, such as slow cookers and toaster ovens, may generate enough heat to damage kitchen counters. Hot pots and pans placed directly on a counter, even for a short time, can cause cracks. If something is extremely hot or if youre unsure whether it could damage the counter, place a cutting board, trivet or pot holder under it to be on the safe side.

Kitchen countertops are not designed to be used for cutting directly on the surface. Small scratches can damage the sealant thats added to protect counters from water. A scratched countertop will need to be buffed or resealed to prevent further problems. Cutting directly on a countertop can also damage knives. Always use a cutting board.

Moving pots and pans around on the counter, even if they arent hot, can cause scratches if theres any dirt or food stuck to the bottom of the pan. Rust on the bottom of appliances can also damage countertops.

How to Avoid Stains
Acidic foods, such as lemon juice, vinegar and tomato sauce, can dull countertops because stone is porous and can absorb the spilled substance. If you spill anything acidic on a kitchen countertop, immediately clean it up and sprinkle baking soda on the area to neutralize the acid. If you place a glass containing a beverage on a countertop, use a coaster to prevent stains.

How to Clean Your Kitchen Countertops
When cleaning countertops, use a soft cloth or sponge. Never use a scrubbing sponge or steel wool. Some common household cleaning products that contain bleach or ammonia can cause granite and stone countertops to fade. Glass cleaners and degreasers can cause stains, and gritty cleaners, such as those designed for bathtubs, can cause scratches. Use mild soap and water to clean your kitchen counters.

Protect Your Countertops
Kitchen counters are durable, but they can become damaged and may be expensive to repair or replace. Knowing the most common causes of damage to countertops can help you avoid making costly mistakes. Be careful when working in your kitchen, and understand how to keep your countertops clean and in good condition.

Published with permission from RISMedia.